摘要 :
Open Source Software (OSS) is making a meteoric rise in the software industry since several big companies have entered this market. Unfortunately, newcomers enter these projects and usually lose interest in contributing because of...
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Open Source Software (OSS) is making a meteoric rise in the software industry since several big companies have entered this market. Unfortunately, newcomers enter these projects and usually lose interest in contributing because of several factors. This paper aims to reduce the problems users face when they walk their first steps into OSS projects: finding the appropriate task. This paper presents a chatbot that filters tasks to help newcomers choose a task that fits their skills. We performed a quantitative and a qualitative study comparing the chatbot with the current GitHub issue tracker interface, which uses labels to categorize and identify tasks. The results show that users perceived the chatbot as easier to use than the GitHub issue tracker. Additionally, users tend to interpret the use of chatbots as situations!, helping mainly newcomers and inexperienced contributors.
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摘要 :
Open Source Software (OSS) is making a meteoric rise in the software industry since several big companies have entered this market. Unfortunately, newcomers enter these projects and usually lose interest in contributing because of...
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Open Source Software (OSS) is making a meteoric rise in the software industry since several big companies have entered this market. Unfortunately, newcomers enter these projects and usually lose interest in contributing because of several factors. This paper aims to reduce the problems users face when they walk their first steps into OSS projects: finding the appropriate task. This paper presents a chatbot that filters tasks to help newcomers choose a task that fits their skills. We performed a quantitative and a qualitative study comparing the chatbot with the current GitHub issue tracker interface, which uses labels to categorize and identify tasks. The results show that users perceived the chatbot as easier to use than the GitHub issue tracker. Additionally, users tend to interpret the use of chatbots as situations!, helping mainly newcomers and inexperienced contributors.
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The developers' physical distribution in Global Software Development (GSD) imposes challenges related to awareness support during collaboration. In this paper, we present a systematic review of the literature that describes studie...
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The developers' physical distribution in Global Software Development (GSD) imposes challenges related to awareness support during collaboration. In this paper, we present a systematic review of the literature that describes studies that improve awareness support in a GSD scenario, identifying which of the dimensions of the 3C model, namely communication, coordination, and cooperation, are supported by these studies. Results indicate that coordination is far the most explored dimension, while awareness support in communication is very poorly studied. The research also identified a high number of tools introduced in the GSD domain and some new research opportunities.
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摘要 :
The developers' physical distribution in Global Software Development (GSD) imposes challenges related to awareness support during collaboration. In this paper, we present a systematic review of the literature that describes studie...
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The developers' physical distribution in Global Software Development (GSD) imposes challenges related to awareness support during collaboration. In this paper, we present a systematic review of the literature that describes studies that improve awareness support in a GSD scenario, identifying which of the dimensions of the 3C model, namely communication, coordination, and cooperation, are supported by these studies, Results indicate that coordination is far the most explored dimension, while awareness support in communication is very poorly studied. The research also identified a high number of tools introduced in the GSD domain and some new research opportunities.
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摘要 :
Open Source Software (OSS) projects leverage the contribution of outsiders. Usually these communities do not coordinate the work of the newcomers, who go to the issue trackers and self-select a task to start with. We found that "f...
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Open Source Software (OSS) projects leverage the contribution of outsiders. Usually these communities do not coordinate the work of the newcomers, who go to the issue trackers and self-select a task to start with. We found that "finding a way to start" is recurrently reported both by the literature and by practitioners as a barrier to onboard to an OSS project. We conducted a qualitative analysis with data obtained from semi-structured interviews with 36 subjects from 14 different projects. We used procedures of Grounded Theory -open and axial coding - to analyze the data. We found that newcomers are not enough confident to choose their initial task and they need information about the tasks or direction from the community.
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Job burnout is a type of work-related stress associated with a state of physical or emotional exhaustion that also involves a sense of reduced accomplishment and loss of personal identity. Burnt out can affect one’s physical and ...
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Job burnout is a type of work-related stress associated with a state of physical or emotional exhaustion that also involves a sense of reduced accomplishment and loss of personal identity. Burnt out can affect one’s physical and mental health and has become a leading industry concern and can result in high workforce turnover. Through an empirical study at Globant, a large multi-national company, we created a theoretical model to evaluate the complex interplay among organizational culture, work satisfaction, and team climate, and how they impact developer burnout. We conducted a survey of developers in software delivery teams (n=3,281) to test our model and analyzed the data using structural equation modeling, moderation, and multi-group analysis. Our results show that Organizational Culture, Climate for Learning, Sense of Belonging, and Inclusiveness are positively associated with Work Satisfaction, which in turn is associated with Reduced Burnout. Our model generated through a large-scale survey can guide organizations in how to reduce workforce burnout by creating a climate for learning, inclusiveness in teams, and a generative organizational culture where new ideas are welcome, information is actively sought and bad news can be shared without fear.
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The sense of belonging to a community is a basic human need that impacts an individual's behavior, long-term engagement, and job satisfaction, as revealed by research in disciplines such as psychology, healthcare, and education. D...
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The sense of belonging to a community is a basic human need that impacts an individual's behavior, long-term engagement, and job satisfaction, as revealed by research in disciplines such as psychology, healthcare, and education. Despite much research on how to retain developers in Open Source Software (OSS) projects and other virtual, peer-production communities, there is a paucity of research investigating what might contribute to a sense of belonging in these communities. To that end, we develop a theoretical model that seeks to understand the link between OSS developer motives and a Sense of Virtual Community (SVC). We test the model with a dataset collected in the Linux Kernel developer community (N=225), using structural equation modeling techniques. Our results for this case study show that intrinsic motivations (social or hedonic motives) are positively associated with a sense of virtual community, but living in an authoritative country and being paid to contribute can reduce the sense of virtual community. Based on these results, we offer suggestions for open source projects to foster a sense of virtual community, with a view to retaining contributors and Improving projects' sustainability.
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Pressure for higher productivity and faster delivery is increasingly pervading software organizations. This can lead software engineers to act like chess players playing a gambit—making sacrifices of their technically sound estim...
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Pressure for higher productivity and faster delivery is increasingly pervading software organizations. This can lead software engineers to act like chess players playing a gambit—making sacrifices of their technically sound estimates, thus submitting their teams to time pressure. In turn, time pressure can have varied detrimental effects, such as poor product quality and emotional distress, decreasing productivity, which leads to more time pressure and delays: a hard-to-stop vicious cycle. This reveals a need for moving on from the more passive strategy of yielding to pressure to a more active one of defending software estimates. Therefore, we propose an approach to support software estimators in acquiring knowledge on how to carry out such defense, by introducing negotiation principles encapsulated in a set of defense lenses, presented through a digital simulation. We evaluated the proposed approach through a controlled experiment with software practitioners from different companies. We collected data on participants' attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intentions to perform the defense of their estimates in light of the Theory of Planned Behavior. We employed a frequentist and a bayesian approach to data analysis. Results show improved scores among experimental group participants after engaging with the digital simulation and learning about the lenses. They were also more inclined to choose a defense action when facing pressure scenarios than a control group exposed to questions to reflect on the reasons and outcomes of pressure over estimates. Qualitative evidence reveals that practitioners perceived the set of lenses as useful in their current work environments. Collectively, these results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach and its perceived relevance for the industry, despite the low amount of time required to engage with it.
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Company engagement in open source (OSS) is now the new norm. From large technology companies to startups, companies are participating in the OSS ecosystem by open-sourcing their technology, sponsoring projects through funding or p...
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Company engagement in open source (OSS) is now the new norm. From large technology companies to startups, companies are participating in the OSS ecosystem by open-sourcing their technology, sponsoring projects through funding or paid developer time. However, our understanding of the OSS ecosystem is rooted in the “old world” model where individual contributors sustain OSS projects. In this work, we create a more comprehensive understanding of the hybrid OSS landscape by investigating what motivates companies to contribute and how they contribute to OSS. We conducted interviews with 20 participants who have different roles (e.g., CEO, OSPO Lead, Ecosystem Strategist) at 17 different companies of different sizes from large companies (e.g. Microsoft, RedHat, Google, Spotify) to startups. Data from semi-structured interviews reveal that company motivations can be categorized into four levels (Founders' Vision, Reputation, Business Advantage, and Reciprocity) and companies participate through different mechanisms (e.g., Developers' Time, Mentoring Time, Advocacy & Promotion Time), each of which tie to the different types of motivations. We hope our findings nudge more companies to participate in the OSS ecosystem, helping make it robust, diverse, and sustainable.
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Software bots automate tasks within Open Source Software (OSS) projects' pull requests and save reviewing time and effort (“the good”). However, their interactions can be disruptive and noisy and lead to information overload (“...
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Software bots automate tasks within Open Source Software (OSS) projects' pull requests and save reviewing time and effort (“the good”). However, their interactions can be disruptive and noisy and lead to information overload (“the bad”). To identify strategies to overcome such problems, we applied Design Fiction as a participatory method with 32 practitioners. We elicited 22 design strategies for a bot mediator or the pull request user interface (“the promising”). Participants envisioned a separate place in the pull request interface for bot interactions and a bot mediator that can summarize and customize other bots' actions to mitigate noise. We also collected participants' perceptions about a prototype implementing the envisioned strategies. Our design strategies can guide the development of future bots and social coding platforms.
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